Kinds of refrigerants
and their effect on the environment

• What is refrigerant
• Atmosphere ozone layers
• New refrigerant and its peculiarities and advantages
• Adaptation of the air-conditioning system for the use of a new refrigerant (R134a)

Schemes of changes when adaptation to R-134a

Model E/j (type with pipe and opening)

Model V (with thermostatic expansion valve)

Compressor (for R-134a)

Changes:

• type of oil: from mineral oil for polyalkylene glycol oil
  Attention: oils do not blend.
• Special commutator – mounting dimensions corrected
• Double pressure commutator due to difference of the pressure of R-134a and R-12

Condenser

Changing of the form from tubular – A (model E(j) and bent – B (model V) for the double bent B due to increase of heat transfer.

1 – flank (channel) 2 – entrance pipe and connector 3 – pipe bracket 4 – straight-through connector 5 – center 6 – pipe 7 – reinforcing plate 8 – exit pipe and connector

Connectors

Changing of the thread part A from inch system B for metric C in order to prevent mixed use of new and old refrigerants.

Hose for freon (for R-134a)

Changing of the quantity and property of the hose braids due to improvement of R-134a and moisture penetration.

1 – butyl covering 2 – thread of viscose or polyester 3 – nitrile pipe	1 – butyl covering 2 – fabric thread 3 – nylon covering

Supply duct (for R-134a)

Changing of the form of service valves of low A and high B from standard (threaded) – 1 for quick-release – 2

Thermostatic expansion valve (for R-134a)

Changing of calibration data with the interval 2.1 – 2.8 kg/sm² for 1.95 – 2.65 kg/sm² at temperatures 0°С and 10°С correspondingly due to difference of the pressures of R-134a and R-12.

Accumulator / receiver - dehydrator

Changing of dehydrator from XH 5 for XH 7 due to improvement of the problem connected with decomposition while refrigerant penetration into dehydrator because of size reduction of the refrigerant molecule (4.4 – 4.2 "А), as well as prevention of dehydrator strength retrogression because of absorption growth (approximately 30 times more).

Accumulator	Receiver - dehydrator
1 – Exit opening 2 – Gaseous refrigerant 3 – Entrance opening 4 – Buffer unit 5 – Inside pipe 6 – Drying sack 7 – Filter 8 – Oil drain hole	1 – Double pressure switch 2 – Retaining washer 3 – Fixing plate 4 – Filter 5 – Filler

Compressor oil

Changes the type of oil from mineral for polyalkylene – glycol oil (РАО)

In automobiles with the new refrigerant (R-134a) as a lubricant of O-ring when operating in connectors there is used compressor oil with the specification used in current refrigerants (R-12). While operating of main trunk line and trunk lines it is necessary to be attentive because during lubrication of the new refrigerant (R-134a) with compressor oil there appears on the O-ring the phenomenon of hydrogenation.

While operating of main trunk line and trunk lines it is necessary to be attentive because at comparing of absorption of compressor oil of the new refrigerant (R-134a) under other equal terms its value is approximately 180 times higher than that of compressor oil of the currently used refrigerant.

When lubricating the automobiles with the new refrigerant (R-134a), the volume of filling is the same like in automobiles with the current refrigerant (R-12).